Blacks urged to begin uncommon conversation about mental illness

When he was a kid, Bryan Evans used to feel shame because his father was schizophrenic.

"I wasn't comfortable with it. I internalized the shame because everybody in the neighborhood knew who my father was," said Evans, who now directs suicide education for Mental Health America of Eastern Missouri.

He talked about his experiences of confronting mental illness as a family member and as a social worker when he spoke Wednesday night during a rare public forum on mental illness among African Americans.
The event at the Missouri History Museum drew about 150 people. Evans and other speakers acknowledged that the stigma associated with mental illness cuts across racial and cultural lines. But they also said the stigma was especially pronounced among blacks, who were urged to do more to end the silence and encourage victims and families to seek help.

Response to mental illness sometimes depends on class and social status

As he grew older, Evans said he began to appreciate the challenges facing his father, who is now dead. He was finally able to talk frankly about the issue with family and others. The experience, he said, is one reason he became a social worker. He urged minorities to leave the forum and continue the discussion "at the dinner table, the lunch table" and even at family reunions.

"This isn't just something I do professionally, but something that we experience and practice in our own home. We're learning from one another, learning from each other's stories."

Part of his work, Evans said, involves educating church leaders. He said that showing ministers and others how to deal with issues surrounding suicide "has been a hard row to hoe, as my grandmother would say. It's been a challenge. The same stigma we hear in this room is also shared by the faith community."

People can help victims through simple gestures.

"Tell the person that you can make the journey with them to seek help. They're more likely to continue their treatment because they were not alone, because someone offered them support."

Other speakers joined Evans in appealing to black St. Louisans to take the issue out of the closet and do more to help victims and families become whole again.

The forum's moderator, Bethany Johnson-Javois, CEO of the St. Louis Integrated Health Network, said people need to understand the history of mental illness in their families and communities. "It's not just an illness of 2010," she said. "If we go back to the experiences of our mothers, grandmothers and great grandmothers, we've actually heard stories in our families that we don't associate with mental illnesses, but they've been there."

Another panelist, Dr. Collins Lewis, a psychiatrist at Washington University Medical School, said minorities were less likely than whites to seek treatment. He says the reasons include mistrust of medical institutions as well as the stigma associated with mental illness. The mistrust extends to minorities other than African Americans, he said.

One study showed that 15 percent of Latinos felt that doctors and other health providers judged them unfairly, and they felt disrespected, Lewis said. He added that "12 percent of African Americans also felt disrespected, as opposed to 1 percent of whites."

People who are mentally ill "become embarrassed or feel shame or try to hide their symptoms. Some don't want to go to treatment, or turn to primary care (doctors) or emergency rooms (for help) as opposed to specialized mental health treatment. This stigma lowers self-esteem and causes people to isolate themselves more, which causes hopelessness."

One overlooked challenge involves children living in household where a parent may suffer from mental illness, said Ponchita Argieard, a school social worker in the University City School District.

"What happens in the broader community also affects children," says Argieard, who was in the forum's audience. Children "feel the impact of families facing unemployment, disease, mental illnesses and incarceration. All that is brought into the schools because the children can't separate themselves from these problems. It affects their academic performance, their social and emotional health."

She called the forum special "because it was not in a hospital or a mental-health facility. It was at the Missouri History Museum. The event drew a lot of different people, and it was non-stigmatizing."(St. Louis Beacon)